What is the countercurrent multiplier in the loop of Henle?
The loop of Henle utilizes the countercurrent multiplier system to increase the concentration of solute and ions within the interstitium of the medulla. This ultimately allows the nephron to reabsorb more water and concentrate the urine while at the same time using as little energy as possible.
What is counter-current mechanism in loop of Henle?
A mechanism used by the kidneys, making it possible to excrete excess solutes in the urine with little loss of water from the body. When the filtrate runs in two different directions in the two arms of Henle’s loop, this is known as countercurrent.
What is the counter-current multiplier mechanism?
A countercurrent mechanism system is a mechanism that expends energy to create a concentration gradient. It is found widely in nature and especially in mammalian organs.
What is counter-current mechanism explain with diagram?
The countercurrent mechanism is the mechanism that allows for the production of concentrated urine. The Henle’s loop and vasa recta are the backbones of the mechanism. The flow of filtrate through the two limbs of Henle’s loop and blood through the two limbs of the vasa recta are in a countercurrent pattern.
What is the role of counter-current multiplier and exchanger in urine formation?
The counter-current multiplier or the countercurrent mechanism is used to concentrate urine in the kidneys by the nephrons of the human excretory system. The nephrons involved in the formation of concentrated urine extend all the way from the cortex of the kidney to the medulla and are accompanied by vasa recta.
How is a countercurrent multiplier different from a countercurrent exchanger?
– A countercurrent multiplier system involves movement of ions rather than movement of oxygen or heat transfer. – Unlike the other countercurrent systems, a countercurrent multiplier system expends energy in active transport.
Where does counter-current flow happen?
The villus contains a central arterial vessel surrounded by a dense capillary network and neighboring venous vessels. The hairpin arrangement of the arterial and venous vessels, resembling the renal microvasculature, could produce a “countercurrent” flow system in which blood flow occurs in opposite directions.
What do you mean by counter-current?
: a current flowing in a direction opposite that of another current.
What is the counter-current multiplier in the kidney?
Countercurrent multiplication is something the tubule does to create the high interstitial osmolality, and a large osmolality gradient between the renal medulla and the renal cortex. The countercurrent exchange mechanism is something the vasa recta do to maintain this gradient.
What is a counter-current system?
A countercurrent system is characterized by very close contact of arterial blood vessels, ideally capillaries, with venous vessels returning from the tissue. In a swimbladder rete mirabile each arterial capillary is surrounded by several venous capillaries, and vice versa.
What is the difference between countercurrent exchange and countercurrent multiplier?
What is the role of the countercurrent multiplier and exchanger in urine formation?
What is the countercurrent system and the loop of Henle?
Countercurrent System and the Loop of Henle COUNTERCURRENT SYSTEM and the LOOP OF HENLE 1. The Loop of Henle establishes medullary hyperosmolarity
How many DLH is a loop of a Henle?
THE COUNTERCURRENT PRINCIPLE COUNTERCURRENT: LOOP OF HENLE 1000 1002800 alh 400 402 200 dlh The Countercurrent Multiplier cortex medulla H 2O 1200 285 100 502 802 1100 1102 500 300 900 800 600 salt THE COUNTERCURRENT SYSTEM
What is the countercurrent multiplier system?
This positive feedback mechanism multiplies the concentration of interstitial fluid and descending limb fluid, and is thus called the countercurrent multiplier system. Active transport of Na+, Cl- follows passively; impermeable to water ■ Figure 17.16 The countercurrent multiplier system.
What does the ascending limb of the loop of Henle do?
The ascending limb of the loop of Henle transports solutes (NaCl) out of the tubule lumen with little or no water, generating an hyperosmotic medullary interstitium and delivering an hyposmotic tubule fluid to the distal tubule. This is called the “single effect”.