What are the effects of slumping?
Slumping is a mass wasting event that happens because loose materials or layers of rock move a short distance down the slope. This typically leads to cliff-like slopes after a period of time. Figure 1 shows an example of what the soil layers would look like after slumping took place.
What is slumping in geography?
slump, in geology, downward intermittent movement of rock debris, usually the consequence of removal of buttressing earth at the foot of a slope of unconsolidated material. It commonly involves a shear plane on which a back-tilting of the top of the slumped mass occurs.
Why does mass movement happen?
mass movement, also called Mass Wasting, bulk movements of soil and rock debris down slopes in response to the pull of gravity, or the rapid or gradual sinking of the Earth’s ground surface in a predominantly vertical direction.
What is mass in geography?
Mass movement is the downhill movement of sediment that moves because of gravity. There are four different types of mass movement: Rockfall. Bits of rock fall off the cliff face, usually due to freeze-thaw weathering. Mudflow.
How slumping affects the coastal environment?
With rotational slumping, heavy rain is absorbed by unconsolidated material making up the cliff (often glacial till, or boulder clay). Material at the slump foot (toe) has to be removed by wave action before more slumping can replace it. Mudflows. Mudflows occur on very steep slopes along the coastline.
What causes slumping geography?
A slump is a form of mass wasting that occurs when a coherent mass of loosely consolidated materials or a rock layer moves a short distance down a slope. Causes of slumping include earthquake shocks, thorough wetting, freezing and thawing, undercutting, and loading of a slope.
How does weathering affect the coastline?
As well as wave energy, other geomorphological processes can modify the coastline. Chemical, mechanical and biological weathering loosen rocks, in advance of their removal by waves and mass movement also provides loose material. The process re-occurs repeatedly until the rock breaks apart.
How does mass movement affect the shape of the coastline?
Mass movement – Once weakened by weathering mass movement can then deliver this material to beaches and the sea to be eroded. Some mass movement processes occur slowly, such as soil creep and solifluction, but some are very rapid such as rock falls.
What are the effects of marine and coastal processes?
The basics… The three principle marine processes that influence coasts are erosion, transportation and deposition. Erosion refers to the breaking down of the land by the force of waves.
What is the effect of weathering on landforms?
Weathering breaks things down into smaller pieces. The movement of pieces of rock or soil to new locations is called erosion. Weathering and erosion can cause changes to the shape, size, and texture of different landforms (such as mountains, riverbeds, beaches, etc).
What are the effects of anthropogenic activities on the shoreline?
The anthropogenic (human-influenced) changes to coastal environments may take many forms: creation or stabilization of inlets, beach nourishment and sediment bypassing, creation of dunes for property protection, dredging of waterways for shipping and commerce, and introduction of hard structures such as jetties, groins …
What are the effects of coastal processes?
Coastal Erosion
| Factor | Effect | Time Scale |
|---|---|---|
| Rip currents | Erosion | Hours to months |
| Underflow | Erosion | Hours to days |
| Inlet presence | Net erosion; high instability | Years to centuries |
| Overwash | Erosional | Hours to days |
The sliding of material along a curved surface called a rotational slide or slump. A common cause of slumping is erosion at the base of a slope. For example, coastal storm waves erode cliff bases, removing supporting material. The slump block rotates downward, producing a scarp (cliff) at the top of the slope. Effects of Mass Movement
What causes slumps on a slope?
Slumps The sliding of material along a curved surface called a rotational slide or slump. A common cause of slumping is erosion at the base of a slope. For example, coastal storm waves erode cliff bases, removing supporting material. The slump block rotates downward, producing a scarp (cliff) at the top of the slope.
What causes a saturated cliff to slump?
The weight of the saturated cliff causes it to slump. Find out more about mass movement.
How do slumps change the shape of a cliff face?
The cliff face becomes heavier and eventually it separates from the material behind at a rain-lubricated slip plane. Slumping occurs on a concave cliff face and contributes to this shape as successive slumps accumulate. Material at the slump foot (toe) has to be removed by wave action before more slumping can replace it.